Agricultural practices like no-till farming, increasing crop diversity, the inclusion of cover crops, application of microbial products and composting, are all proven ways to put carbon back into the soil.

Broadcasting fertilizer requires mechanical incorporation across the entire field otherwise there can be nitrogen (N) losses to volatility from urea-based fertilizer sources or losses to wind or water. While this method creates a nutrient-rich zone a few inches below the soil surface, application can be non-uniform, and the loss of crop residue increases the soil erosion and concentration risk.

With the continued debate of tillage versus soil conservation, farmers have traditionally been forced to decide between yield and land management practices. What if it’s possible for farmers to have both?

Iowa strip-tiller Tim Smith uses cover crops, a bioreactor and nutrient management techniques to prevent fertilizer loss and reduce application rates.